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协变返回类型

 
  • Jan 27, 2015

协变返回类型（Convariant Return Type）是指override的函数，返回值有继承关系（子类函数返回类型是父类返回类型的子类）。例子如下：

class Base
{
  public:
    Base (){}
    virtual void print(){
      printf("Base");
    }
};

class Derived : public Base
{
  public:
    Derived(){}
    virtual ~Derived (){}
    void print(){
      printf("Derived");
    }
};

class TestBase
{
  public:
    TestBase (){}
    virtual Base* getObject(){
      return new Base();
    }
};

class TestDerived : public TestBase
{
  public:
    TestDerived (){}
    virtual ~TestDerived (){}
    Derived* getObject(){
      printf("invoke here\n");
      return new Derived;
    }
};

int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
  TestBase * base = new TestDerived();
  Base* b = base->getObject();
  b->print();
  return 0;
}
结果： invoke here Derived

java同理，只不过验证起来比较容易。直接打印对象就行。

public class BaseClass {
}
public class DerivedClass extends BaseClass{
}

public class TestBase {
	public BaseClass getObject(){
		return new BaseClass();
	}
}

public class TestDerived extends TestBase{
	public DerivedClass getObject(){
		return new DerivedClass();
	}
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		TestBase base = new TestDerived();
		System.out.println(base.getObject());
	}
}

返回值：
test.server.others.DerivedClass@5d1eb50b

这里想验证的其实是返回引用是可以的。返回对象是不行的。java只有返回引用，所以都可以。可自行验证。

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